1st duke of wellington biography definition
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Military career of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (1 May &#;– 14 September ), was one of the leading British military and political figures of the 19th century. Often referred to solely as "The Duke of Wellington", he led a successful military career in the Indian subcontinent during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (–99) and the Second Anglo-Maratha War (–), and in Europe during the Napoleonic Wars (–).
Starting his career in as a commissioned officer in the infantry, before seeing his first action in the Flanders campaign, Wellesley rose in rank by purchasing his first four commissions, as was common practice in the British Army for wealthy officers.[1] His continued rise in status and fame thereafter came about as the result of his tactical ability and successes as an army commander.
Between and , Wellesley participated in a number of military campaigns where he achieved tactical, strategic, and decisive victories in India and across Europe.[2]
Wellesley faced and defeated many of Napoleon's marshals as the commander in chief of the Anglo-Portuguese Army during the Peninsular War, but his best known battle was at Waterloo in where he led an Anglo-
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Wellington: The Iron Duke
The Peninsula
In , Wellesley was made lieutenant-general and sent to Portugal, where he defeated the French at Roliça and Vimeiro. During the latter engagement, he checked the French columns with the reverse slope defence, a tactic that became his trademark.
Following the controversial Convention of Cintra (), he was recalled to Britain to face a court of enquiry. He was cleared of any wrongdoing and returned to the Peninsula, where he secured Oporto and drove the French from Portugal.
He pursued the enemy into Spain, winning a narrow victory at Talavera (), for which he was raised to the peerage. But, following the arrival of French reinforcements, he fell back into Portugal.
In , the newly styled Viscount Wellington slowed the French advance at Buçaco, before halting them at the Lines of Torres Vedras. The French withdrew to Spain in March
Wellington then moved on Almeida. He defeated the French at Fuentes de Onoro in May. In January , he took Ciudad Rodrigo - for which he received an earldom - and assaulted Badajoz in April.
On 22 July , he won a great victory at Salamanca. This battle proved Wellington had the ability to manoeuvre and attack in the open field, and established&
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1st Duke of Wellington
The British warrior and student Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Solon (), was one pleasant the pacifiers of Brits India, block up important designer of rendering downfall as a result of Napoleon I, and a major national figure.
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